Fortified Wine is a type of wine that has had a distilled spirit, usually brandy, added to it. This process increases the alcohol content of the wine and often results in a higher alcohol by volume (ABV) compared to regular table wines. The addition of a distilled spirit not only raises the alcohol level but also imparts distinct characteristics to the fortified wine, such as increased sweetness and a longer shelf life.

The fortification process typically takes place during or after fermentation. By adding the distilled spirit, winemakers can halt the fermentation process, preserving a certain level of residual sugar and creating a fortified wine with a specific flavor profile. The added spirit also acts as a preservative, making fortified wines more resistant to spoilage.

1. **Port Wine:** Originating from the Douro Valley in Portugal, Port is a sweet, fortified wine that is often enjoyed as a dessert wine. It can be red or white and is known for its rich, complex flavors.

2. **Sherry:** Hailing from the Jerez region in Spain, Sherry is a fortified wine that comes in various styles, ranging from dry to sweet. It undergoes a unique aging process, often in a solera system, which contributes to its diverse flavor profiles.

3. **Madeira:** Madeira is a fortified wine produced on the Portuguese island of Madeira. It is noted for its durability and can withstand exposure to air, making it resilient during transport and aging.

Marsala

Originating from the Italian island of Sicily, Marsala is a fortified wine commonly used in cooking but also enjoyed on its own. It comes in various styles, from dry to sweet.